Espalier of Fig Trees: The Art of Growing Figs

Fig trees are a beloved fruit tree for many gardeners around the world. They produce sweet and delicious fruit that can be enjoyed fresh or dried. However, many people struggle to grow fig trees due to their large size and spreading habit. Espalier is an ancient horticultural technique that involves training plants to grow flat against a wall or trellis. In this article, we will explore the art of growing espalier fig trees.

What is Espalier?

Espalier is an ancient horticultural practice that involves training fruit trees to grow flat against a wall or trellis. This technique is used to maximize space in small gardens and to create attractive living walls. Espalier can be used with a variety of fruit trees, including figs.

Why Grow Fig Trees as Espalier?

Growing fig trees as espalier has a number of benefits. First and foremost, it allows you to grow fig trees in small spaces. By training the tree to grow flat against a wall, you can save valuable garden space while still enjoying the benefits of fresh figs. Additionally, espalier fig trees are easier to prune and harvest than traditional fig trees. Finally, espalier fig trees make attractive garden features, with their intricate patterns of branches and foliage.

How to Espalier Fig Trees

Espaliering fig trees requires time, patience, and attention to detail. Here are the steps to follow:

Step 1: Choose Your Wall or Trellis

The first step in espaliering a fig tree is to choose your wall or trellis. Ideally, you want a flat surface that is at least six feet tall and wide enough to accommodate the mature size of your fig tree.

Step 2: Plant Your Fig Tree

Once you have chosen your wall or trellis, it's time to plant your fig tree. Dig a hole that is twice as wide and deep as the root ball of your tree. Mix in some compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil quality. Carefully position the roots of your fig tree in the hole and backfill with soil. Water thoroughly.

Step 3: Install Support Wires

To train your fig tree to grow flat against the wall or trellis, you will need to install support wires. These wires should be spaced about six inches apart and attached to eye bolts on the wall or trellis. Place the lowest wire about two feet above the ground.

Step 4: Prune Your Fig Tree

In the first year after planting, you should prune your fig tree to encourage branching. Cut back the main stem to about three feet above the ground. Remove any side shoots that emerge below this point.

Step 5: Train Your Fig Tree

Once your fig tree has produced some new growth, it's time to start training it to grow flat against the wall or trellis. Tie the main stem to the lowest support wire with soft twine or cloth. As new shoots emerge, tie them to the support wires with the same material. Prune away any shoots that grow in the wrong direction or interfere with the overall shape of the tree.

Step 6: Maintain Your Espalier Fig Tree

Espalier fig trees require regular pruning and maintenance to keep them healthy and attractive. Prune away any dead, diseased, or damaged wood each winter. In summer, pinch back new growth to encourage branching and fruit production. Water your fig tree regularly, especially during hot and dry weather.

The Benefits of Espalier Fig Trees

Growing fig trees as espalier has many benefits beyond space-saving and decorative appeal. Espaliered fig trees are more productive than traditional trees, producing more fruit per square foot of growing space. They are also easier to manage, with less need for ladders and equipment to harvest fruit. And because they grow flat against a wall or trellis, they are less susceptible to wind damage and other environmental stressors.



Espaliering fig trees is a rewarding and enjoyable pastime that can be practiced by gardeners of all skill levels. By following these simple steps, you can enjoy the sweet and delicious fruit of fig trees without sacrificing precious garden space. So why not give espaliering a try and see how it can transform your garden?

Espalier Fig Trees 1

Espalier Fig Trees 2

Espalier Fig Trees 3

fig tree, espalier, gardening, fruit trees, trellis, pruning, horticulture